The instrumental singular
Level A2 · Unit 11: Travel · Lesson 1: By train, by bus: the instrumental
The instrumental answers S čim? (by what? with what?) and S kom? (with whom?). With transport and company, it always follows z / s:
- Masculine and neuter: add -om (-em after c, č, j, š, ž): z vlakom, z avtom, z letalom, s prijateljem
- Feminine: -a → -o: z ladjo, z mamo
Adjectives and words like moj take -im (masculine and neuter) or -o (feminine):
| Gender | Nominative | Instrumental |
|---|---|---|
| masculine | nov avto | z novim avtom |
| feminine | moja sestra | z mojo sestro |
| neuter | staro kolo | s starim kolesom |
Practise this in the free course
This explanation comes from Unit 11, Lesson 1 of Slovenim, a free Slovenian course with dialogues, audio and exercises that check your answers.